A 24-year-old woman is evaluated for a 1-month history of increasing pain and bleeding from a skin ulcer next to her stoma. The skin symptoms get worse each time she changes her appliance. She underwent proctocolectomy 4 years ago for medically refractory colonic Crohn disease. She has not had small-bowel involvement, and her ostomy output has been stable since surgery.

On physical examination, vital signs are normal. The skin findings are shown. The remainder of the skin examination is normal. The abdomen is soft with normal bowel sounds. There is no distention, tenderness, masses, or organomegaly.

Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's skin findings?