A 62-year-old man is evaluated in follow-up after the recent discovery of a 2-cm right apical spiculated pulmonary nodule that in 3 months of follow-up grew 0.5 cm. His medical history is notable for emphysema, but he is otherwise healthy. He uses a tiotropium inhaler daily and an albuterol inhaler as needed.

On physical examination, temperature is 36.6 °C (97.9 °F), blood pressure is 138/74 mm Hg, pulse rate is 82/min, and respiration rate is 12/min; BMI is 30. Pulmonary examination reveals a prolonged expiratory phase, but the lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally. Clubbing is noted.

Pulmonary function testing shows mild obstruction with a mild diffusion defect. Transthoracic needle aspiration is positive for non–small cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma of the lung). Hormone receptor testing is negative. PET/CT shows positive uptake in the right apical lung nodule but no other abnormal uptake. MRI of the brain is normal.

Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment?