Treat hyperuricemia with febuxostat in a patient with an adverse reaction to allopurinol. Diagnose Jaccoud arthropathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Diagnose rheumatoid arthritis with appropriate laboratory testing. Diagnose amyopathic dermatomyositis. Treat inadequately controlled osteoarthritis with intra-articular glucocorticoids. Treat an acute monoarticular gouty attack with intra-articular glucocorticoids. Treat an adult with severe Henoch-Schönlein purpura using prednisone. Avoid combining biologic agents when treating rheumatologic disease. Diagnose fibromyalgia. Provide preconception counseling to a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who has positive anti-Ro/SSA antibodies. Diagnose hemochromatosis as a cause of secondary osteoarthritis. Recognize the risk of interstitial lung disease in patients with polymyositis. Identify the association of tofacitinib with a risk of causing an abnormal lipid profile. Diagnose spondyloarthritis using MRI. Diagnose pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Prevent gout by titrating allopurinol to achieve a target serum urate level. Treat giant cell arteritis with high-dose prednisone. Screen for tuberculosis prior to starting biologic therapy. Diagnose ankylosing spondylitis. Recognize lymphoma in a patient with Sjögren syndrome. Utilize HLA-B27 testing to aid in the diagnosis of spondyloarthritis. Treat a patient who has familial Mediterranean fever with colchicine. Treat osteoarthritis with duloxetine. Treat a patient who has interstitial lung disease associated with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Perform joint aspiration to diagnose acute monoarticular arthritis. Diagnose psoriatic arthritis. Diagnose eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Treat polymyositis using prednisone. Diagnose diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. Diagnose the acute prodromal arthritis of hepatitis B virus infection. Diagnose vasculitis as a cause of scleritis. Treat a suspected infected joint in the setting of gout. Monitor ankylosing spondylitis disease activity with physical examination. Diagnose Lyme arthritis. Treat a patient with drug-induced lupus erythematosus caused by minocycline. Diagnose inclusion body myositis. Diagnose knee osteoarthritis with standing plain radiography. Treat dry eyes in a patient with Sjögren syndrome. Monitor a patient with Marfan syndrome using echocardiography. Treat a patient who has hypersensitivity vasculitis. Treat mild systemic lupus erythematosus. Treat gout with urate-lowering therapy. Clinically diagnose osteoarthritis of the hands. Treat polymyalgia rheumatica with low-dose prednisone. Diagnose chlamydia infection associated with reactive arthritis. Treat inadequately controlled rheumatoid arthritis. Diagnose cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Diagnose basic calcium phosphate deposition. Diagnose disseminated gonococcal infection. Manage rheumatoid arthritis medications in a patient of childbearing age. Diagnose IgG4-related disease. Diagnose erosive osteoarthritis. Diagnose limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Treat rheumatoid arthritis with methotrexate. Diagnose mixed connective tissue disease. Diagnose diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Treat a patient who has Löfgren syndrome. Diagnose reactive arthritis. Treat tophaceous gout. Treat ankylosing spondylitis with a tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor. Diagnose acute osteonecrosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Diagnose ovarian cancer in a patient with dermatomyositis. Diagnose polyarteritis nodosa. Recognize the risk of early-onset knee osteoarthritis following meniscectomy. Manage a prosthetic joint infection. Treat a patient who has fibromyalgia. Manage gout with dietary modifications. Manage NSAID gastrointestinal risk in an older patient by using topical NSAID therapy. Diagnose seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Diagnose adult-onset Still disease. Diagnose Behçet syndrome. Select acetaminophen as a first-line pharmacologic agent in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Evaluate a patient with primary Raynaud phenomenon. Evaluate a patient for primary angiitis of the central nervous system. Manage liver toxicity in a patient taking leflunomide. Identify azathioprine as a contraindication to the use of febuxostat. Diagnose Takayasu arteritis. Manage pregnancy planning in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who is taking mycophenolate mofetil. Diagnose Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Evaluate a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who has developed mononeuritis multiplex. Diagnose HIV infection as the cause of a severe flare of psoriatic arthritis. Treat a patient who has parvovirus B19 infection. Diagnose granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Evaluate a patient with suspected lupus nephritis using a kidney biopsy. Treat hypertension in a patient with hyperuricemia who is at increased risk for acute gout. Treat tophaceous gout with pegloticase in a patient who has not responded to oral urate-lowering therapy. Confirm a flare of systemic lupus erythematosus with an anti–double-stranded DNA antibody measurement. Treat a patient who has scleroderma renal crisis. Treat a patient who has inadequately controlled knee osteoarthritis. Diagnose bladder cancer in a patient who has received cyclophosphamide. Diagnose cardiomyopathy in a patient with systemic sclerosis. Diagnose bacterial overgrowth syndrome due to systemic sclerosis–associated intestinal disease. Identify the cause of an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Identify rheumatoid arthritis as the cause of pericarditis. Evaluate synovial fluid for infection and crystal-related disease. Diagnose osteoarthritis with calcium pyrophosphate deposition. Diagnose spondyloarthritis using MRI. Diagnose pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis.