Treat thermal upper airway injury with endotracheal intubation. Perform early mobilization in a critically ill patient. Evaluate a subcentimeter pulmonary nodule. Evaluate worsening COPD symptoms with repeat spirometry. Diagnose pulmonary lymphangitic spread of metastatic cancer. Treat COPD with long-term oxygen therapy. Diagnose COPD using clinical history and pulmonary function testing. Establish intravenous access in an actively bleeding patient. Recognize clinical features of small cell lung cancer. Treat advanced COPD with lung transplantation. Diagnose diffuse parenchymal lung disease. Diagnose diffuse parenchymal lung disease. Diagnose portopulmonary hypertension. Manage ventilator-associated pneumonia. Treat respiratory failure due to heart failure with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Treat an acute exacerbation of COPD with antibiotics and systemic glucocorticoid therapy. Diagnose pulmonary hypertension related to lung disease. Treat septic shock in a patient developing acute kidney injury. Treat moderate persistent asthma with combination inhaled glucocorticoid and long-acting β₂-agonist therapy. Diagnose a bronchial carcinoid tumor. Treat parapneumonic effusion and empyema with thoracostomy drainage and antibiotics. Diagnose vocal cord dysfunction. Manage a large spontaneous pneumothorax. Treat pulmonary hypertension due to heart disease. Treat severe asthma with omalizumab. Diagnose ventilator-induced lung injury. Diagnose malignant pleural disease. Manage initial ventilator settings. Diagnose suspected occupational asthma. Treat obstructive sleep apnea with an oral mandibular advancement appliance. Diagnose acute pulmonary embolism. Treat severe COPD with lung volume reduction surgery. Evaluate chronic cough with methacholine challenge testing. Treat anaphylaxis with epinephrine. Manage air travel in a patient with lung disease. Treat inadequately controlled asthma by stepping up therapy. Diagnose suspected obstructive sleep apnea or central sleep apnea. Evaluate lung cancer risk in a patient with silicosis. Treat COPD in a patient with risk category B disease. Treat gastroesophageal reflux disease complicating cough-variant asthma. Treat opioid-related central sleep apnea. Diagnose allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Treat septic shock with appropriate fluid resuscitation. Treat advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with hospice care. Diagnose methanol poisoning. Diagnose a tuberculous pleural effusion. Identify the appropriate venue of care for a high-risk asthma exacerbation. Diagnose asbestosis. Diagnose nonadherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Manage acute respiratory distress syndrome using prone positioning. Diagnose a malignant pleural effusion. Diagnose chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Diagnose right-to-left intrapulmonary shunt as a cause of hypoxemia. Treat pulmonary arterial hypertension. Recognize characteristics of a patient ready for extubation. Diagnose pulmonary arterial hypertension. Diagnose mesothelioma. Diagnose diffuse systemic sclerosis–associated parenchymal lung disease. Treat asthma during pregnancy. Treat severe COPD with recurrent exacerbations. Treat nonexertional heat stroke with external evaporative cooling. Diagnose COPD with spirometry. Treat chronic respiratory failure due to muscular weakness. Treat tricyclic antidepressant overdose with sodium bicarbonate therapy. Manage surveillance of a solitary pulmonary nodule. Identify risk factors for early readmission in a patient hospitalized for COPD exacerbation. Diagnose bronchiectasis with high-resolution CT. Diagnose auto–positive end-expiratory pressure. Manage advanced COPD with referral to hospice care. Manage pain and sedation in a patient with critical illness. Treat a dissecting aortic aneurysm. Diagnose cystic fibrosis. Evaluate hemoptysis with bronchoscopy. Diagnose radiation pneumonitis. Treat severe hypothermia in a patient with hemodynamic instability. Manage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with evaluation for lung transplantation. Diagnose Hodgkin lymphoma. Manage acute respiratory distress syndrome with a conservative fluid strategy. Diagnose exercise-induced bronchospasm and possible asthma with bronchial challenge testing. Manage extubation in a patient with hypercapnic COPD using noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Diagnose ICU-acquired weakness. Diagnose lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Diagnose carbon monoxide poisoning with carboxyhemoglobin measurement. Treat sympathomimetic overdose with lorazepam. Treat localized non–small cell lung cancer. Diagnose pulmonary sarcoidosis with bronchoscopic biopsy. Manage hypoxic and hypercapnic respiratory failure in a patient with a contraindication to noninvasive ventilation. Manage a pulmonary nodule with a high pretest probability of primary lung cancer. Understand the role of the rapid response team in managing deteriorating clinical status in hospitalized patients. Treat shift work sleep disorder. Diagnose hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Treat a patient with a recent COPD exacerbation with pulmonary rehabilitation. Manage anemia in the ICU setting. Diagnose obstructive sleep apnea complicating anesthesia. Diagnose acute mesenteric ischemia. Manage acute respiratory distress syndrome using positive end-expiratory pressure. Recommend appropriate influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations in a patient with COPD. Manage auto–positive end-expiratory pressure. Treat acute respiratory distress syndrome using a lung-protective ventilator strategy. Diagnose idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Diagnose and stage lung cancer. Treat high-altitude pulmonary edema. Diagnose postintensive care syndrome.